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The 1996 Andhra Pradesh cyclone (also known as Cyclone 07B), was a small but powerful storm that left heavy damage in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It formed on November 4 in the eastern Bay of Bengal. Moving westward, it quickly organized and developed a well-defined eye. On November 6, the cyclone struck about 50 km (30 mi) south of Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh at peak intensity. The India Meteorological Department estimated peak winds of 145 km/h (90 mph), while the American-based Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) assessed peak winds of 215 km/h (130 mph). Soon after landfall, the cyclone weakened and dissipated by November 7. Ahead of the storm, about 225,000 families evacuated, although many towns lacked proper storm shelters. When the cyclone made landfall, it produced strong winds up to 100 km (60 mi) inland, dropped of rainfall across a 40 km (25 mi) region, and flooded over 250 villages along a 60 km (37 mi) portion of the coast. About 70% of the overall damage was in East Godavari district, where two villages were entirely destroyed. The storm destroyed of crops and killed millions of cattle and chicken. Across Andhra Pradesh, the storm damaged 647,554 houses, including over 10,000 that were destroyed. Overall damage totaled RS$21.5 billion (US$602 million), comparable to a cyclone in 1977 that also hit Andhra Pradesh. There were 1,077 confirmed deaths with many others missing, although many of the dead were washed into the sea and were unlikely to be found. After the storm, the government and local Red Cross chapters helped residents recover from the damage, while the World Bank provided money to better prepare Andhra Pradesh for future storms. ==Meteorological history== On October 30, a Pacific tropical depression crossed the Kra Isthmus into the Bay of Bengal, dissipating the next day over Myanmar. A new area of convection, or thunderstorms, developed over the Andaman Sea on November 1 The system was located within the monsoon trough, and a weak flow steered it slowly westward across the Bay of Bengal, bringing it briefly over southwestern Myanmar. After the convection organized more, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) issued a tropical cyclone formation alert at 07:30 UTC on November 3. At 12:00 UTC that day, the agency initiated advisories on the system, designating it Tropical Cyclone 07B about 645 km (400 mi) west of Yangon, Myanmar.〔 The India Meteorological Department (IMD) – the official Regional Specialized Meteorological Center for the basin – did not classify the system until November 4; at 15:00 UTC, the agency designated it as a depression. Located beneath the axis of an upper-level ridge, the depression was able to intensify and organize more, with prominent outflow developing.〔 On November 5, the IMD upgraded the system to a deep depression and later to a cyclonic storm.〔 At 06:00 UTC on the same day, the JTWC upgraded the storm to the equivalent of a minimal hurricane, estimating 1 minute winds of 120 km/h (75 mph). It continued westward toward eastern India at a slow pace, later turning more to the west-northwest. Early on November 6, the storm began rapidly intensifying, and the IMD upgraded the storm to a severe cyclonic storm and later a very severe cyclonic storm. At 04:00 UTC that day, an irregular eye formed in the middle of the central dense overcast, which quickly became more circular and distinct.〔 At 06:00 UTC on November 6, the JTWC estimated peak 1 minute winds of 215 km/h (130 mph), the equivalent of a Category 4 on the Saffir-Simpson scale, and a minimum barometric pressure of .〔〔 The IMD assessed a much lower intensity, estimating 3 minute winds of 145 km/h (90 mph) based on a Dvorak rating of 4.5.〔 While approaching land, the eye contracted from a peak width of to . At 16:00 UTC on November 6, the cyclone made landfall about 50 km (30 mi) south of Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh along the east coast of India. The estimated landfall pressure was . It was a smaller-than-normal cyclone, only 450 km (280 mi) in diameter. The storm rapidly weakened after moving ashore, deteriorating into a deep depression early on November 7.〔 The JTWC issued their last advisory at 06:00 UTC that day,〔 and the IMD downgraded the system to a remnant low pressure area over Telangana at 12:00 UTC.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「1996 Andhra Pradesh cyclone」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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